Most Mysterious Numbers of the Universe

 Courtesy: Mahmudul Hasan Utshaw, Batch-191, Dept. of EEE, Green University of Bangladesh


Several mysterious numbers were used in the creation of our universe. If we understand the character of these numbers, we can understand the behavior of the universe. Just imagine how small can a number be? Again how big can it be? Is it Infinity? But do you know that the infinity of mathematics and the infinity of physics are completely different? Interestingly, I found five mysterious number related to physics. Let's discuss. I was so excited while reviewing these numbers.
To understand how small this number is, start by imagining a person compressed to the size of a proton. Then keep compressing again and again by the same ratio, a total of eight times! What is left is equal to 10^-120. Its size is smaller than Planck's length. If we imagine it in a fundamental distance unit, that stops working in the classical sense. Such ratios of small and counter-large numbers are rare in nature, but when they do occur, it is difficult to find an explanation. Of course, no typical human can stay in a state as small as 10^-120. But the existence of this tiny number is possible if we compare it with the most tested theory of the universe 'Quantum Field Theory'. More specifically, it stands for vacuum—the force of space and the driving force behind cosmic expansion. Understanding the meaning of such small ratios is a major problem in fundamental physics. Our universe is expanding. This process is happening very quickly. The inherent energy of space is what keeps this process going. This is the vacuum energy. It exists throughout the universe. Its existence is also embedded in Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. However, quantifying such instantaneous and microscopic amounts of energy is difficult. This is a special field of zero-point energy, associated with the quantum vacuum. It is complicated, but we know it exists because we've seen its effects through many experiments. When we go to calculate the amount of this vacuum energy, the problem starts. But as we know from quantum field theory, vacuum energy density must be huge. If we think about the multiverse, any multiverse should be like us. The ratio of vacuum energy and the energy of this vast multiverse will make us think more. In such a situation we can understand the meaning of this number.
0.0000000000000001
This number is also the same as the previous number. For us, it is unimaginably small. If we were to scale a human, the size would be a million times smaller than the width of an atom and 10 times smaller than a proton! As with the first number it will express a ratio. We need to know what our accepted theories predict. This case is mainly related to the Higgs boson. On July 4, 2012, it obtained a huge response after its publication. This is the fundamental particle proposed by the Standard Model of Physics. The Standard Model states that these particles have a Higgs field, which has non-zero energy everywhere.
Mass is the main reason for the existence of the universe. This universe is made up of countless particles. Without the mass of particles, nothing could have formed in the universe. But what is the mass of this Higgs? It should weigh a few micrograms, about the same as a tiny wave. But after measurements, its mass was found to be 1000 trillion times lighter than the Higgs boson. And this corresponds is same to our discussed number 0.0000000000000001! Isn't it crazy?
This number is so large that the number of atoms in the entire observable universe is close to this number. There are 70 more zeros than the numbers people normally use. It is believed that as much matter has been created since the Big Bang, antimatter has also been created. Contact with matter and antimatter will cause explosions and some radiation. Usually, this never happened, because antimatter is not directly found in nature. We understand how important the number 10^80 is to the observable universe. This is crazy!
This number is so huge, it is difficult to compare it with anything else. It's a trillion trillion and trillion times bigger than we think. It can be called Doppelgazion. Huge number like this, is named by Doppelgazion. If we compare it with the multiverse, we can understand it. Even if it is not in our universe, it will likely be located somewhere. It teaches us to imagine far. Maybe its location is in this universe. Because the universe is constantly expanding, much faster than our imagination. The number (10^10)^68 makes us feel this.
Infinity
Infinity is the largest number, which goes on forever. There are multiple infinities in mathematics. Infinity is also used to calculate whole numbers, squares, or higher sets. Ancient Indian mathematicians divided all numbers into three sets – countable, uncountable and infinite. It also has uses in physics. However, physics and mathematics clash with infinity. According to physicists, which can be counted, that never can be infinite. If an infinite mass exists, it is not possible to determine the gravitational force of that object with the help of the laws of classical physics. Because the gravitational force of an object of infinite mass will also be infinite. The greatest example of the use of infinity in physics is the singularity of a black hole.
Besides, These five numbers, the universe has many craziest digits. Antonio Padilla, a cosmologist wrote a book name 'Fantastic Numbers and Where to Find Them'. If anyone is interested for more mysterious numbers, he/she can read this book.














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